All ICDP Publications with Abstracts
From parent-sysfolder "Publications" + 2 folder-levels deep
2844.
From Jurassic deep-sea life to deterministic Solar System dynamics: Insights from recurrence plot analysis of ichnological data, Toarcian, Llanbedr (Mochras Farm) borehole, UK
Volumina Jurassica,
2225 – 34
2024
DOI:10.7306/VJ.22.3
2843.
Geothermal Play Fairway Analysis, Part 2: GIS methodology
Geothermics,
117
2024
2842.
Fracture network characterisation of the Balmuccia peridotite using drone-based photogrammetry, implications for active-seismic site survey for scientific drilling
Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,
16
(10)
3961 – 3981
2024
2841.
Drilling the Bosumtwi impact crater in Ghana: Implications for impact research and paleoclimatology
Past Global Changes Magazine,
32
(2)
126-127
2024
2840.
Deep magmatic staging chambers for crustal layered mafic intrusions: An example from the Bushveld Complex of southern Africa
Microbial Ecology,
87
2024
Abstract: ▾ The deep mafic magmatic staging chambers of layered mafic intrusions have been conjectured but not imaged. Their existence has long been postulated from geochemical models which require multiple magma injections from staging chambers to account for their multi-scale igneous layering and variations in sources and degrees of crustal contamination. For the Bushveld Complex of southern Africa, the world's largest layered mafic intrusion, seismic receiver functions identify a diffuse crust-mantle transition beneath the Complex that suggests high velocity lower crust and/or uppermost lithospheric mantle. Here we present 3D gravity modelling of the Bushveld Complex that includes dense material at the crust-mantle boundary, imaging for the first time, remnants of magma staging chambers. They underlie the whole Bushveld Complex and extend westwards to the Molopo Farms Complex in Botswana. Feeders to the Bushveld Complex coincide with intersections of major faults like the Thabazimbi-Murchison Lineament and Sugarbush Fault with the staging chamber. This identification of magmatic staging chambers beneath the Bushveld relates to similar geophysically imaged lower crustal features beneath the Duluth and Stillwater Complexes. Comparison of seismic and gravity data with geochemical models from other complexes aid in development of models for the magmatic architecture of layered mafic intrusions in general. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.
2839.
Explanatory Remarks on the Operational Dataset about Drilling in the Moodies Group of the Barberton Greenstone Belt (BASE - Barberton Archean Surface Environments)
International Continental Scientific Drilling Program, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
30
2024
Abstract: ▾ All datasets provided in the operational dataset (Heubeck et al., 2024) of the ICDP project BASE (ICDP 5069) consist of metadata, data and/or images. Here, a summary of explanations of the tables, data and images exported from the database of the project (mDIS BASE) are given and are complimented by additional information on data from measurements done in the laboratory prior to the sampling party. Finally, the sampling data from the first two sam-pling parties are added. Some basic definitions of identifiers used in ICDP, depths corrections and measurements are also introduced.
2838.
Deep subsurface microbial life in impact-altered Late Paleozoic granitoid rocks from the Chicxulub impact crater
Geobiology,
22
(1)
2024
Keywords:▾
Bacteria; Microbiota; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Silicon Dioxide; Mexico [North America]; Yucatan; acid anhydride; chemical compound; mineral; RNA 16S; silicon dioxide; sulfur; basement rock; bioavailability; borehole; cell; crater; granitoid; hydrothermal system; marine sediment; microbial activity; microbial community; separation; sulfur cycle; article; bioavailability; biogeochemical cycling; biomass; biosphere; chemolithoautotroph; correlation analysis; granite; Mexico; microbial community; nonhuman; Paleozoic; rock; sediment; temperature; Ypresian
Abstract: ▾ In 2016, IODP-ICDP Expedition 364 recovered an 829-meter-long core within the peak ring of the Chicxulub impact crater (Yucatán, Mexico), allowing us to investigate the post-impact recovery of the heat-sterilized deep continental microbial biosphere at the impact site. We recently reported increased cell biomass in the impact suevite, which was deposited within the first few hours of the Cenozoic, and that the overall microbial communities differed significantly between the suevite and the other main core lithologies (i.e., the granitic basement and the overlying Early Eocene marine sediments; Cockell et al., 2021). However, only seven rock intervals were previously analyzed from the geologically heterogenic and impact-deformed 587-m-long granitic core section below the suevite interval. Here, we used 16S rRNA gene profiling to study the microbial community composition in 45 intervals including (a) 31 impact-shocked granites, (b) 7 non-granitic rocks (i.e., consisting of suevite and impact melt rocks intercalated into the granites during crater formation and strongly serpentinized pre-impact sub-volcanic, ultramafic basanite/dolerite), and (c) 7 cross-cut mineral veins of anhydride and silica. Most recovered microbial taxa resemble those found in hydrothermal systems. Spearman correlation analysis confirmed that the borehole temperature, which gradually increased from 47 to 69°C with core depth, significantly shaped a subset of the vertically stratified modern microbial community composition in the granitic basement rocks. However, bacterial communities differed significantly between the impoverished shattered granites and nutrient-enriched non-granite rocks, even though both lithologies were at similar depths and temperatures. Furthermore, Spearman analysis revealed a strong correlation between the microbial communities and bioavailable chemical compounds and suggests the presence of chemolithoautotrophs, which most likely still play an active role in metal and sulfur cycling. These results indicate that post-impact microbial niche separation has also occurred in the granitic basement lithologies, as previously shown for the newly formed lithologies. Moreover, our data suggest that the impact-induced geochemical boundaries continue to shape the modern-day deep biosphere in the granitic basement underlying the Chicxulub crater. © 2023 The Authors. Geobiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
2837.
Drilling Into Ancient Rock to Learn About Earth’s Past
Frontiers for Young Minds,
12
2024
2836.
Disentangling influences of climate variability and lake-system evolution on climate proxies derived from isoprenoid and branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs): The 250 kyr Lake Chala record
Biogeosciences,
21
(11)
2877 – 2908
2024
Keywords:▾
Arequipa [Peru]; Chala; Peru; biomarker; climate variation; crater lake; ether; glacial-interglacial cycle; lacustrine deposit; paleoclimate; proxy climate record; seismic reflection; stratification
Abstract: ▾ High-resolution paleoclimate records from tropical continental settings are greatly needed to advance understanding of global climate dynamics. The International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) project DeepCHALLA recovered a 214.8 m long sediment sequence from Lake Chala, a deep and permanently stratified (meromictic) crater lake in eastern equatorial Africa, covering the past ca. 250 000 years (250 kyr) of continuous lacustrine deposition since the earliest phase of lake-basin development. Lipid biomarker analyses on the sediments of Lake Chala can provide quantitative records of past variation in temperature and moisture balance from this poorly documented region. However, the degree to which climate proxies derived from aquatically produced biomarkers are affected by aspects of lake developmental history is rarely considered, even though it may critically influence their ability to consistently register a particular climate variable through time. Modern-system studies of Lake Chala revealed crucial information about the mechanisms underpinning relationships between proxies based on isoprenoid (iso-) and branched (br-) glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) and the targeted climate variables, but the persistence of these relationships in the past remains unclear. Here we assess the reliability of long-term climate signals registered in the sediments of Lake Chala by comparing downcore variations in GDGT distributions with major phases in lake-system evolution as reflected by independent proxies of lake depth, mixing regime and nutrient dynamics: seismic reflection data, lithology and fossil diatom assemblages. Together, these records suggest that during early lake history (before ca. 180-200 ka) the distinct mixing-related depth zones with which specific GDGT producers are associated in the modern-day lake were not yet formed, likely due to more open lake hydrology and absence of chemical water-column stratification. Consequently absolute GDGT concentrations dating to this period are relatively low, proxies sensitive to water-column stratification (e.g., branched versus isoprenoid tetraether (BIT) index) display highly irregular temporal variability, and correlations between proxies are dissimilar to expectations based on modern-system understanding. A sequence of lake-system changes between ca. 180-200 and ca. 80 ka first established and then strengthened the chemical density gradient, promoting meromictic conditions despite the overall decrease in lake depth due to the basin gradually being filled up with sediments. From ca. 180 ka onward some GDGTs and derived proxies (e.g., crenarchaeol concentration, BIT index and IR6Me) display strong ∼ 23 kyr periodicity, likely reflecting the predominantly precession-driven insolation forcing of Quaternary climate variability in low-latitude regions. Our results suggest that GDGT-based temperature and moisture-balance proxies in Lake Chala sediments reflect the climate history of eastern equatorial Africa from at least ca. 160 ka onwards, i.e., covering the complete last glacial-interglacial cycle and the penultimate glacial maximum. This work confirms the potential of lacustrine GDGTs for elucidating the climate history of tropical regions at Quaternary timescales, provided they are applied to suitably high-quality sediment archives. Additionally, their interpretation should incorporate a broader understanding of the extent to which lake-system evolution limits the extrapolation back in time of proxy-climate relationships established in the modern system. © 2024 Copernicus Publications. All rights reserved.
2835.
Early Cretaceous sedimentary records of the early-stage continental rifting in the Songliao Basin, NE China
Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,
259
2024
2834.
Early Cretaceous spore-pollen assemblages from the Shahezi Formation in Well SK-2 and their paleoclimate significance; [松科 2 井早白垩世沙河子组孢粉组合及其古气候意义]
Geological Bulletin of China,
43
(2-3)
429 – 442
2024
2833.
Early Jurassic extrinsic solar system dynamics versus intrinsic Earth processes: Toarcian sedimentation and benthic life in deep-sea contourite drift facies, Cardigan Bay Basin, UK
Progress in Earth and Planetary Science,
11
(1)
2024
Abstract: ▾ The Cardigan Bay Basin (UK) may have functioned as a deep and narrow strait, and thereby influenced Early Jurassic oceanic circulation through the northern and southern Laurasian Seaway, and between Boreal and Peri-Tethys domains. Toarcian hemipelagic deposits of the basin in the Mochras borehole show strongly bioturbated contourite facies. Trace fossils are strongly dominated by Phycosiphon incertum (represented by four morphotypes), which was produced by opportunistic colonizers. Thalassinoides, Schaubcylindrichnus and Trichichnus are common (the latter is a deep-tier trace fossil produced by filamentous sulfide-oxidizing bacteria with a high tolerance for dysoxia), accompanied by less common Zoophycos, Planolites, Palaeophycus, Teichichnus, Rhizocorallium, Chondrites, and dwelling and resting structures, such as cf. Polykladichnus, Siphonichnus, Skolithos, Arenicolites, Monocraterion and Lockeia. Ichnological and lithological signals suggest repetitive fluctuations in benthic conditions attributed to a hierarchy of orbital cycles (precession and obliquity [4th order], short eccentricity [3rd order], long eccentricity [2nd order] and Earth–Mars secular resonance [1st order]). The Pliensbachian–Toarcian transition appears to be a significant palaeoceanographic turning point in the Cardigan Bay Basin, starting a CaCO3 decline, and with the most severe oxygen crisis of the Tenuicostatum Zone (here dysoxic but not anoxic) ending at the onset, in the early Serpentinum Zone (Exaratum Subzone), of the Toarcian negative carbon isotope excursion (To-CIE—linked with the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event occurring in the lower part in the Serpentinum Zone). This trend contrasts with the prevalence of anoxia synchronous with the To-CIE in many other settings. Minor dysoxia returned to the Mochras setting in the latest Thouarsense to Dispansum zone interval. Extreme climate warming during the To-CIE may have enhanced and caused a reversal in the direction of deep marine circulation, improving oxygenation of the sea floor. Spectral analysis of binary data on ichnotaxa appearances gives high confidence in orbital signals and allows refined estimation of ammonite zones and the duration of the Toarcian (minimum ~ 9.4 Myr). (Figure presented.) © The Author(s) 2024.
2832.
Early warning signals of the termination of the African Humid Period(s)
Nature Communications,
15
(1)
2024
2831.
Corrigendum to “Alteration of basaltic glass within the Surtsey hydrothermal system, Iceland – Implication to oceanic crust seawater interaction” [Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 429 (2022) 107581] (Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (2022) 429, (S0377027322001123), (10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2022.107581))
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,
452
2024
2830.
Seasonality and lake water temperature inferred from the geochemistry and sclerochronology of quaternary freshwater bivalves from the Turkana Basin, Ethiopia and Kenya
Quaternary Science Reviews,
317
2023
2829.
Shallow- and deep-ocean Fe cycling and redox evolution across the
Pliensbachian-Toarcian boundary and Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event in
Panthalassa
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS,
602
2023
2828.
Radiolytically reworked Archean organic matter in a habitable deep ancient high-temperature brine
Nature communications,
14
(1)
6163
2023
ISSN: 20411723
Publisher: NLM (Medline)
Abstract: ▾ Investigations of abiotic and biotic contributions to dissolved organic carbon (DOC) are required to constrain microbial habitability in continental subsurface fluids. Here we investigate a large (101-283 mg C/L) DOC pool in an ancient (>1Ga), high temperature (45-55 °C), low biomass (102-104 cells/mL), and deep (3.2 km) brine from an uranium-enriched South African gold mine. Excitation-emission matrices (EEMs), negative electrospray ionization (-ESI) 21 tesla Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), and amino acid analyses suggest the brine DOC is primarily radiolytically oxidized kerogen-rich shales or reefs, methane and ethane, with trace amounts of C3-C6 hydrocarbons and organic sulfides. δ2H and δ13C of C1-C3 hydrocarbons are consistent with abiotic origins. These findings suggest water-rock processes control redox and C cycling, helping support a meagre, slow biosphere over geologic time. A radiolytic-driven, habitable brine may signal similar settings are good targets in the search for life beyond Earth. © 2023. Springer Nature Limited.
2827.
Sea Level Changes Affect Seismicity Rates in a Hydrothermal System Near
Istanbul
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS,
50
(3)
2023
Keywords:▾
seismicity catalog; sea level change; hydrothermal region; strain;
strainmeter; solid Earth tides
2826.
Reversed Holocene temperature–moisture relationship in the Horn of Africa
Nature,
620
(7973)
336 – 343
2023
2825.
Response of diatom assemblages to orbital- and millennial-scale climatic variability since the penultimate glacial maximum in the northern limit of the Neotropics
Journal of Quaternary Science
2023
ISSN: 02678179
Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Ltd
DOI:10.1002/jqs.3507
Abstract: ▾ Lake Chalco, in Central Mexico, has a long diatom record which provides an excellent opportunity to document the biotic and hydrological responses of this ecosystem to orbital- and millennial-scale climatic variability during the last 150 ka. Detrended correspondence analysis was used to evaluate the ecological turnover and to identify diatom species associations throughout the sequence. Millennial-scale climatic fluctuations were identified as peaks in freshwater (mostly small Fragilariaceae spp.) or as peaks in salt-tolerant species. At orbital scales, species turnover involved changes between freshwater assemblages dominated by Stephanodiscus spp. – small Fragilariaceae spp. – Cocconeis placentula, present during low-evaporation, cool intervals [late Marine Isotope Stage (MIS)6, MIS5d, MIS2] against salt-tolerant taxa, dominated by Stephanocyclus and Cyclotella spp., in higher evaporation, higher salinity conditions (MIS5e, MIS5c–a, MIS4, MIS3, early MIS1). Comparatively, MIS6 and MIS5d seem to have been cooler (~ −6 to −7 °C) and wetter than MIS2 (~ − 4 to −5 °C). In contrast, MIS5e and early MIS1 (11.5–6 ka) had similar warmer, low lake level, saline conditions. In addition, MIS5 was a period of intense climatic change associated with wide-amplitude orbital forcing that favored a Stephanocyclus–Cyclotella spp. ecological succession (S. meneghinianus, C. tlalocii, C. poyeka, S. quillensis). In contrast, smaller temperature changes were inferred during MIS4 and MIS3. © 2023 The Authors Journal of Quaternary Science Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
2824.
Reconstruction of Dead Sea lake level and mass balance back to 237 ka BP using halite fluid inclusions
Quaternary Science Reviews,
303
2023
ISSN: 02773791
Publisher: Elsevier Ltd
Keywords:▾
Chloride minerals; Climate change; Evaporation; Fluid inclusion; Glacial geology; Lakes; Mineralogy; Sedimentology; Subsidence, Dead sea; Eastern Mediterranean; Fluid inclusion; Lake levels; Last glacial; Late quaternary; Mass balance; Southern levants; Water activity; Water evaporation, Sodium chloride, chronology; climate change; diapir; evaporation; freshwater; halite; Holocene; interglacial; lake level; lake water; Last Glacial; mass balance; sedimentation; solute; spectroscopy, Dead Sea; Israel; Levant; Mediterranean Region; Mount Sedom; Southern District
Abstract: ▾ The lake level of the Dead Sea, Southern Levant, has fluctuated with an amplitude of ∼250 m in response to the last glacial-interglacial cycle. This exceptional sensitivity to climate change, and the availability of long sedimentary archives, make the Dead Sea a benchmark for long quantitative paleohydrological reconstructions. However, discontinuities and chronological uncertainties in the marginal sedimentary record have hampered the reconstruction of Dead Sea lake levels beyond the Last Glacial (70–14 ka before present, BP). Here, we apply a two-pronged methodology. First, we measure the lake water density along ICDP deep core 5017-1-A using a new method, Brillouin spectroscopy on two-phase halite fluid inclusions; we combine it with the composition of pore water and the thickness of halite layers in the core to reconstruct lake level, volume, mass balance and subsidence rate. Second, we tune the chronology of lake levels from outcrops by matching it to the chronology of the deep core. The resulting lake level reconstruction, spanning 237–70 ka BP, is validated by the excellent agreement between outcrop- and mass balance-based methodologies. It shows a long-term recession of the lake, its level decreasing from one interglacial to the other, down to a Holocene record low. There are two reasons for this lake level fall. First, with an average rate of 2.65 ± 0.15 m/ka, subsidence has outpaced sedimentation at least over the last ∼130 ka. Second, by reducing the solute inventory of the lake, massive halite precipitation events such as that of 131–116 ka BP have durably increased surface water activity and evaporation, and thus lowered the lake level, up to today. Conversely, our analysis suggests that, during 191–11 ka BP, the dissolution of Mount Sedom salt diapir and freshwater inflows provided to the lake about three times the mass of solute NaCl contained in the modern Dead Sea (in 1985). This massive solute influx, occurring mainly during glacial highstands, strongly contributed to lowering surface water activity and evaporation and, therefore, to increasing the lake volume. Our results suggest that Dead Sea lake levels are more accurately interpreted in terms of climatic change if surface water activity is taken into account. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd
2823.
Re-investigations of the fossil fern Xiajiajienia mirabila (Dicksoniaceae) based on new material from the Lower Cretaceous of western Liaoning, China
Cretaceous Research,
149
2023
2822.
Palynological characteristics of plant communities in the eastern Arctic during the Early to Middle Calabrian Age
Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology,
315
2023
Keywords:▾
Anadyr; Arctic; Chukchi; Elgygytgyn Lake; Russian Federation; Calabrian; paleoclimate; palynology; plant community; Pleistocene; pollen; shrub; vegetation history
Abstract: ▾ Palynological analysis of Early Pleistocene sediments from Lake El'gygytgyn indicate that climate was warmer than present between c. 1.2860 and 1.6975 Ma (late Gelisian–early Calabrian ages), although variations in the paleovegetation indicate fluctuations between relatively cool and warm conditions. During the coolest intervals, the vegetation on the Anadyr Plateau was a mix of Betula-Salix shrub tundra and Larix forest-tundra. Larix forests, which probably included trees species of Betula and Alnus, characterized the regional vegetation during the warmest times. Slightly cooler interglaciations are indicated by the presence of Larix-forest tundra. Pinus pumila pollen is not consistently present in all interglaciations, indicating that variations in the extent and/or duration of snow cover occurred during these warm intervals. The absence of pollen from this evergreen shrub contrasts with Holocene and Late Pleistocene assemblages, where the taxon is a hallmark of warm conditions. During the Early Pleistocene, Betula pollen indicates the plant's presence during warm and cool intervals, in contrast to Late and Middle Pleistocene spectra where shrub Betula is absent or rare. The pollen data from MIS 55 suggest that it was the coolest of the Pleistocene “super” interglaciations and that the MIS 43 climate was as warm as that of MIS 55. The El'gygytgyn palynological record is a powerful reminder that the distribution of arctic communities can be vastly reduced or eradicated during warm Earth scenarios. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.
2821.
Pore Connectivity of Deep Lacustrine Shale and its Effect on Gas-bearing Characteristics in the Songliao Basin: Implications from Continental Scientific Drilling
Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition),
97
(5)
1503 – 1522
2023
2820.
Planning for the Lake Izabal Basin Research Endeavor (LIBRE) continental scientific drilling project in eastern Guatemala
Scientific Drilling,
3285-100
2023